Criminal Justice
Understand the criminal justice framework, the roles of police, prosecutors and courts, constitutional protections for accused persons, public defence and the difference between criminal law and criminal procedure.
Common legal questions and situations
Plain-language guides
Use these guides to understand the legal framework before moving to the official law or seeking advice on a specific case.
How Liberia's Criminal Justice System Is Structured
A plain language overview of criminal law, prosecution, courts and the difference between offences, criminal procedure and constitutional safeguards.
Read guideRights of an Accused Person: Constitutional Basics
Key constitutional protections for people suspected or accused of crimes, including information about charges, silence, counsel and the presumption…
Read guideQuestions people often ask
These answers explain general legal concepts. The facts of an individual matter may change the legal position.
What rights does an accused person have after arrest?
The Constitution provides protections including information about the accusation, the right to remain silent, the presumption of innocence and the right to counsel. The precise application of those rights depends on the circumstances and stage of proceedings.
What if an accused person cannot afford a lawyer?
The Constitution protects the right to counsel and provides for legal aid where an accused person cannot secure representation. The Judiciary operates a Public Defense Program for indigent criminal defendants.
Is the Penal Law the same thing as criminal procedure?
No. Penal law defines offences and penalties, while criminal procedure governs the process by which criminal matters are investigated, charged, tried and reviewed. Constitutional safeguards apply across the justice process.
Official legal sources
For current legal status and exact wording, use the enacted instrument or the responsible public institution.
Related Commission work
See how this area of law connects with current reform projects, consultations and published research.
Know when general information is not enough
If you are arrested, detained or facing a criminal charge, seek qualified legal assistance promptly. The Commission does not represent defendants or give case-specific criminal advice.